2nd World Congress on Midwifery and Neonatal Nursing August 28-30, 2017 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA

Biography:

Harrieth Gabone-Mwalupindi has completed her PhD in Nursing Education in September 2016 from Capella University. Currently, she is working at High Risk Women’s Health Department at University of Cincinnati Medical Center as a Clinical Program Developer (Clinical Nurse Educator) from more than four years and has been an Obsteric Nurse for 17 years. She has enjoyed working in Women’s Health clinical practices and engaging in research to provide current evidence base practices to nurses, nursing students, and medical residents at the UCMC.

Abstract:

Nurse preceptors are a vital part in facilitating knowledge application and acquiring of clinical nursing skills. Nurse preceptors come from various background of training for the role and may encounter challenges with orienting nursing students and novice nurses. Nurse preceptors’ orientation challenges may interfere nursing students’ and new nurses’ learning opportunities, which may lead to less than optimum learning environment. Understanding nurse preceptors’ self-reported role preparation may shed light to the preceptor-orientee learning process. The purpose of the study was to compare self-reported feedback of nurse preceptors who received formal training and that of nurse preceptors without formal training. A descriptive-comparative design following a non-randomized, convenient sampling strategy was employed on level I trauma and academic center nurses (n=350). The two theoretical frameworks were Benner’s theory from Novice to expert and Kolb’s (1984) theory Experiential learning were incorporated into this study. Instrumentation for the quantitative study included the Nursing Clinical Teacher Effectiveness Inventory tool. Results included a significant difference with p-value of less than 0.05 between nurse preceptors who received formal training from those without training on the interpersonal relationship of teaching construct category. The findings may be used to guide nurse educators and managers on developing and supporting training for nurse preceptor role, and may add to the body of nursing knowledge regarding the nurse preceptors’ self-reported.

Biography:

Thiwawan Thepha is currently perusing her PhD from the University of Aberdeen. She is a Lecturer at Khon Kaen University in Thailand, where she has been trained as a Midwife and has more than 10 years of experience.

Abstract:

Improving the rate of six months exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is an international challenge. Despite various interventions and initiatives aiming to improve this rate in Thailand, the six months EBF rate dropped from 27% in 2009 to 14% in 2013 in Northeast Thailand. The aim of this study was to develop a feasible six months EBF intervention model for Northeast Thailand utilizing concept mapping. A convenience sample of 22 participants including healthcare professionals and volunteers and community leaders were involved in the six concept mapping steps. Stakeholders were informed of the outcome of previous research identifying the facilitators and barriers to six months EBF, which led to the generation of possible interventions. Participants were asked to rate the feasibility of the interventions and to group them, allowing multi-dimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analysis to be conducted. The outputs of the analysis were point rating, cluster and cluster rating maps which were shared with the stakeholders to reach consensus on a three-year intervention model. The proposed intervention model includes 15 feasible interventions clustered into three clusters namely health care services, education packages and community services. The healthcare services cluster was selected as the priority to be implemented within the first year, but aspects of the education packages namely those for families and parents were also proposed to be implemented in the first year. Most interventions in the community services and broader community education aspects were selected for implementation in the second year and health promotion opportunities were proposed for the third year breast feeding.

Biography:

Linda McDaniel is a Certified Nurse Midwife practicing in the Atlanta area and Course Faculty at Frontier Nursing University. She earned her DNP and MSN degrees from Frontier Nursing University. She is a Volunteer for Shared Hope International. She is currently conducting research on this topic of human trafficking and the impact it has on her community. She is passionate about this topic and utilizes opportunities to inform communities about this growing problem.

Abstract:

Human and sex trafficking has been a problem most individuals believe is only associated with events occurring outside of the United States. Unfortunately, this is a common misconception and this problem is prevalent and uprising in the United States. The exact number of cases in the United States is unknown but there are reported cases in every state. The youth of America are at an exponential risk of being exploited and becoming victims of human sex trafficking. Although youth and vulnerable populations are typical targets for sex trafficking, anyone is at risk of being a target. A victim of sex trafficking is defined by US federal law as an individual under the age of 18 who performs commercial sex through force, fraud or coercion, or is induced into commercial sex. Sex traffickers utilize different methods of manipulation to entrap and coerce their victims to perform sex acts they are unwilling to perform. This leads to some form of child or adult prostitution. Labor traffickers may embellish potential employment, education, or travel opportunities to recruit individuals to work in subservient roles resulting in hostile work conditions and inability to regain their freedom for various reasons. These acts translate into a form of modern day slavery. These victims are at risk for physical and psychological trauma that may be longstanding. With the increasing rise of these victims in our communities, most healthcare providers have not received the proper training to identify potential victims and resources to report and assist these individuals.

Biography:

Manisha Bhandankar is Professor of Pediatrics with special interest in Neonatology at KLES University, Belgavi, and Karnataka, India. She is actively involved in training health care workers from resource limited settings to provide essential newborn care in India. Her research work in “Transitional adaptation in newborn delivered in tertiary care hospital and in primary health center in India” has contributed to understand the issues involved in care of newborns in various level of health set ups in India. Her recent work involved study of “Determinants of antenatal and postnatal maternal and newborn care service utilization and contributing factors”. She is also involved in various Perinatal Health Education Programs in India.

Abstract:

Statement of the Problem: Immediately after birth it is crucial for the newborns to maintain normal body temperature for successful transitional adaptation. Postnatal thermal adaptation of newborns requires essential newborn care to be provided by health care professionals and close family members of the baby. The number of institutional deliveries has increased in India in the last decade but has not much altered the neonatal mortality rate. Provision of essential newborn care through education and training is of paramount importance to this effect. This study shows how the postnatal thermal adaptation differs for newborns delivered in tertiary care hospital and primary health centers in India.

Methodology: We continuously recorded and plotted changes in both abdominal and sole skin temperature from birth to 12 hours of life in term newborns delivered vaginally.

Findings: Neonates are under significant cold stress when delivered in primary health centres due to limited resources and lack of awareness among health professionals.

Biography:

Yu-Feng Wang has completed his PhD from Fukui Medical University and Post-doctoral studies from Yale University School of Medicine and University of California-Riverside. He is the Director of Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Studies in Harbin Medical University. He has published more than 35 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as an Editorial Board Member of the Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience.

Abstract:

Milk shortage and aberrant maternal behaviors in women with cesarean section (CS) have become an increasing concern for the health of mothers and the babies recently; however, the underlying mechanisms and optimal therapeutic approaches remain to be explored. In this study, we found that CS significantly reduced’ retrieving, anogenital licking and suckling behaviors of rat dams while increasing the rate of self-grooming. Moreover, early dam-pup contact evoked more self-grooming while delayed maternal contacts resulted in severe hypogalactia. Intranasal application of oxytocin (OXT), a hypothalamic neuropeptide largely restored normal pattern of maternal behaviors in the CS dams. In whole-cell patch-clamp recordings putative OXT neurons in the supra optic nucleus (SON) in brain slices from the CS dams had lower firing rate and more depolarized resting membrane potential. Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses revealed that CS increased the expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated protein kinase (pERK) 1/2, particularly at non-OXT neuronal components and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) of astrocytes in the somatic section of the SON. In the CS dams, intranasal application of OXT increased c-Fos protein in the area rich in OXT neurons but reduced GFAP in the somatic section of the SON while decreasing pERK 1/2 expression. These results indicate that CS can lead to postpartum depression and anxiety in association with the time of postpartum mother-baby contact, which is largely due to the suppression of hypothalamic OXT-secreting system; intranasal OXT can partially reverse these aberrant behaviors, thereby highlighting a novel therapeutic target.

Biography:

Ping Wang has completed her MD in 1983 from Harbin Medical University and Post-doctoral studies from Yale University School of Medicine, University of California-Riverside and LSUHSC-Shreveport. She is now a distinguished Research Fellow in the Department of Medical Genetics in Harbin Medical University. She has published many papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Effort to breastfeed the babies for more than 6 months is the recommendation of WHO and the wish of most of the mothers. However, many factors can cause maternal separation from the babies, leading to the failure of breastfeeding and postpartum mental disorders. To alleviate this condition, many measures have been applied, such as using milk pumps for regular hour workers, reducing heavy duty of service on mothers and applying milk-producing drugs which has limited effects; however, that is far from the expectations of mothers and high standards of modern Medicare. Thus, fully understanding the mechanisms underlying postpartum depression and hypogalactia evoked by mother-baby separation is essential for identification of the potential targets of medical mediation and for designation of more efficient therapies. Here, we report that intermittent separation of mothers from their babies in lactating rats resulted in significant reduction of dams’ interests toward their offspring as shown in an elongation of the retrieval latency of pups and decreases in the frequency of anogenital licking. Moreover, the separation also reduced litters’ body weight gains over 1 h suckling. These findings indicate the occurrence of postpartum depression and hypogalactia. Next, we explored potential mechanisms responsible for these effects of maternal separation in association with the activity of the hypothalamic oxytocin-secreting system, a major machinery of mental health and lactation. In the supraoptic nucleus, maternal separation significantly reduced the excitability of oxytocin neurons that also failed to show burst firing in response to burst-evoking drugs in patch-clamp recordings. Maternal separation also disrupted signaling cascade downstream to oxytocin receptors as shown in increased oxytocin receptors but reduced molecular association between this receptor with its downstream signals including the alpha subunit of G_q/11-type G protein and phosphorylated extracellular signal regulated protein kinase 1/2 in Western blots. These changes are accompanied with increased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein around oxytocin neurons, an indicator of expansion of astrocytic processes and increased inhibition of oxytocin neuronal activity. Consistently, serum oxytocin levels during suckling stimulation, particularly that accompanying with milk ejections, reduced significantly. These findings highlight that maternal separation can reduce the excitability of oxytocin neurons and decrease the ability of pulsatile secretion of oxytocin which lead to postpartum depression and lactation failure.

Biography:

Joy Chidinma Oko Uka is a registered Nurse/Midwife (RN, RM, BNSc). She got her Master’s degree in Midwifery (MSc Midwifery) from University of Salford Manchester, United Kingdom, and is currently a PhD student from the same University. She is a young Researcher and Midwifery Lecturer in the Department of Nursing Ebonyi State University Abakaliki, Nigeria. She has published 7 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Maternal mortality is a global health issue with developing countries, such as Nigeria having an unacceptably high occurrence and levels of maternal death especially in the poor and rural communities (UNDP, 2015). Globally, Nigeria and India have been reported as the two countries which are hardest hit by maternal mortality. This research is an investigation of the socio-cultural factors that influence maternal mortality in a South Eastern Nigerian community, and what members of this community perceive to be the best approaches to improve maternal health to help reduce maternal mortality. The databases which were searched for a review of previous empirical research on maternal mortality included Intermid, the UK’s largest online database for midwifery articles, MEDLINE, CINHAL, Science Direct, Web of Science and Google scholar. The databases were explored using the following keywords: Maternal death/mortality, pregnancy, childbirth, culture, belief, death of women, prevention. The study used a qualitative methodology, which included focus group discussions and in-depth one-to-one interviews as the methods of data collection. The sample consisted of 39 participants included were traditional birth attendants, midwives, women, doctors, the village head, religious leader, and the youth leader. Initial findings suggest that, cultural beliefs and religious activities about childbirth as an obligation which every woman must obey, female genital mutilation, spiritual powers (Ogbanje), and also the position of women in the society influence the outcomes of pregnancy and increase the potential for maternal mortality. Thus, an understanding of the impact of cultural dynamics and influences on maternal health is needed for effective public health intervention to improve maternal health in Nigeria. This is because culture plays a vital role in the health of the individual, the family and the community.

Biography:

Mrs Elizabeth Silumba nee Kasaira is a Midwifery Educator in Zimbabwe. She holds a Master’s degree in Midwifery Education from the National University of Science and Technology Zimbabwe. She did her BSc Nursing degree majoring in Nursing Education, a Diploma in Midwifery and a Diploma in General Nursing plus a certificate in Maternal and Child Health for Trainers from Tenshi College Japan. She is passionate for midwifery research, education and practice. She teaches midwifery and supervises midwifery research. She is an Active Member of the Zimbabwe Confederation of Midwives Association, as a Vice Chairperson in her province.

Abstract:

Midwifery is a competency based profession in which midwifery students acquire most of their guided learning in the clinical area, hence the need to ensure optimal mentoring which would promote the acquisition of the ideal clinical skills. Failure to support and prepare midwifery students may affect their ability to deliver the required level of midwifery care. This study purposed at exploring the midwives’ perceptions regarding mentoring of midwifery students in the clinical area at Marondera midwifery training institution. A qualitative phenomenological design based on the principles of naturalistic inquiry underpinned this study. The study sample was composed of six recently qualified midwives and ten senior midwives who met the inclusion criteria. Purposive sampling was used to select the sample until saturation was reached. Data were generated using tape-recorded unstructured individual interviews. Colaizzi’s thematic analysis was used to synthesize the findings, and data were presented using the emergent themes. The results generally revealed that mentorship was perceived as an important supportive, teaching and learning strategy. Four themes emerged from the interview data, namely; gross inconsistencies in the mentoring of midwifery students, lack of standardized procedures, poor communication between the school of midwifery and the clinical area and lack of ideal infrastructure which hinder effective mentoring of midwifery students. The results gave rise to the adaptation of Bandura’s social learning theory which was used as an explanatory framework for understanding the study’s findings. Several recommendations were proffered; allocating individual mentors to midwifery students, training programs specifically for mentors, benchmarking to improve training of midwifery students and standardization of mentoring guidelines. Communication between the school of midwifery and the clinical area must improve and there is need for creation of an active national midwifery education board which oversees midwifery teaching and mentoring. The authorities should be committed to the provision of adequate resources to enhance mentorship of midwifery. Further research should focus on identification of where midwives differ and sources of their differences, and then establish solutions to the challenges.

Biography:

Fusun Terzioglu graduated in first place from Hacettepe University in 1989. She won the Ä°hsan Dogramacı Superior Merit Award and Science Incentive Award. She earned her pilot’s license from Republic of Turkey Ministry of Transport. She studied about counseling on assisted reproductive techniques at Liverpool Women’s Hospital Reproductive Medicine Unit in United Kingdom on the British Council Research Scholarship. She studied as a Research Scholar at Kent State University College of Nursing in 2006 for 3 months. She worked as a Research Assistant at Hacettepe University School of Nursing in the Maternity and Women's Health Nursing Division from 1990 to 1997. Her interest includes sexuality and reproductive health and management and leadership. She is member of national and international nurse’s organizations such as INDEN and Sigma Theta Tau. She has been working as a Director of Nursing Services at Hacettepe University Hospitals 2012-2016 and Founding Dean of Faculty of Nursing. She has published more than 70 papers, 15 grant projects, eight books as an editor and author, and more than 100 presentations in the national and international congress. She is also an invited speaker for more than 60 congress and symposium. She is working as a Dean Faculty of Health Science and Director of Nursing of MLPCare.

Abstract:

Background: Various instructional methods and environments are used in nursing education to develop students’ psychomotor and communication skills, reduce their anxiety levels, and enhance their satisfaction.

Objectives: To examine the effect of three different instructional environments on the development of the students' psychomotor and communication skills and their levels of anxiety and satisfaction.

Design: A prospective study design was used.

Methods: The sample of the study consisted of 60 nursing students. Before the implementation of the study, the students' cognitive skills and trait anxiety levels were evaluated. The students were divided into five groups and five nursing activities (Leopold’s maneuvers, teaching breastfeeding, family planning education, teaching vulvar self-examination and teaching breast self-examination) were specified for each group. They implemented these nursing activities under the supervision of a faculty member in the nursing skills laboratory, standardized patient laboratory and clinical practice environment respectively. In each instructional environment, the students' psychomotor and communication skills, state anxiety levels and satisfactions were evaluated.

Results: The median scores for psychomotor skills [nursing skills laboratory=73.1; standardized patient laboratory=81.5; clinical practice environment=88.6] and communication skills [nursing skills laboratory=64.9; standardized patient laboratory=71.6; clinical practice environment=79.0] were found to increase as the students went on practicing in a more complicated environment (p<0.05). Similarly, it was determined that the students' anxiety levels decreased as they were practicing incrementally [nursing skills laboratory=33.0; standardized patient laboratory=32.0; clinical practice environment=31.0]. As the instructional environments were getting more similar to the reality, the students' satisfaction levels were found to become higher.

Conclusions: Students who deliberately practice in the instructional environments until they are competent develop their psychomotor skills while reducing their anxiety levels, and enhancing their communication skills and satisfaction. For that reason, the development of students' competency areas is thought to be effective for the enhancement of patients and healthcare workers’ safety.

Biography:

Dr. Kuldeep Singh has been practicing ultrasound for over 18 years in South Delhi, INDIA. He is known for his ultrasound skills in Anomaly Scanning, Color Doppler Scanning and High risk pregnancy evaluation. He has more than 150 lectures in various national and international conferences. He has more than 100 articles and chapters to his credit and has authored 16 books on Ultrasound in Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. His books have been translated into Spanish, Chinese and Portugese. The IMAGING SCIENCE AWARD was honored to him at the AICOG 2008. He is presently the President of the Delhi Chapter of IFUMB. He has been appointed as associate director of Ian-Donald Inter University School of Medical ultrasound.

Abstract:

The uteroplacental and fetoplacental circulations can be assessed by color Doppler a non-invasive method for understanding and studying fetal circulations. The uterine artery flow tells us the status of the uteroplacental circuit. The umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, descending aorta, ductus venosus and umbilical vein study tells us the fetal adaptation to any hypoxic insult. With impaired placentation causing changes in the uterine artery one needs to be carefully surveying the fetal circulation for any adaptive changes. With hypoxic insult the blood flows preferentially to vital organs like the brain, heart and adrenals with compensatory shunting from the non-vital organs the abdominal viscera and lower limbs. The three ratio systolic/diastolic ratio, pulsatility index and resistive index are markers of resistance and thus are reflecting impedance values which are inversely proportional to the amount of blood flow in the respective vessel or organ. So brain sparing causes a high PI and brain edema would finally cause a rise in the Middle cerebral artery PI. This tool finally helps us to fine tune the administration of steroids in a premature fetus and timely termination of pregnancy to reduce the stay of the neonate in the ICU and reduce neonatal morbidity and mortality.

Biography:

Juliet Ndhlovu is a Midwifery/Nurse Educator in Zimbabwe. She holds a Master’s degree in Midwifery Education from the National University of Science and Technology (NUST) in Zimbabwe, BSc Nursing degree majoring in MCH and Nursing Education with the Zimbabwe Open University, Diploma in Midwifery and a Diploma in General Nursing, a certificate in Family Planning and Intrauterine device insertion, a certificate in Syndromic Management of Sexual Transmitted Infections. She teaches General Nursing students at Mpilo Central Hospital, the second largest Central Hospital in Zimbabwe. She teaches theory for General Nurse Students and supervises, mentors them in the clinical area and supervises the students in research writing. She is an active member of the Zimbabwe Confederation of Midwives Association and Zimbabwe Nurses Association. She has attended various conferences of the above mentioned associations. She is currently a committee member at a branch of the Zimbabwe Confederation of Midwives Association.

Abstract:

This study is a qualitative enquiry, which used a phenomenological approach, the study sought to assess the self-care knowledge and practices among women who had abortion in their previous pregnancies The central point of the problem statement is that the women lack counseling/education on discharge post abortion on how to care for themselves at home and using some positive practices on self-care. The objectives of the study were to explore women’s knowledge of self-care post abortions, explore women’s self-care practices post abortion and to establish barriers to self-care among women post abortion. The populations under study were women who had a history of abortion whether spontaneous or induced. Sampling was done through convenience/purposive sampling and the sample consisted of 12 women. Data was collected through semi- structured interviews after they had voluntarily consented. The interviews were conducted in private settings and confidentiality was maintained through use of alphabetically corded audio recordings. Data analysis was done using Colaizzi’s strategy for data analysis a method cited in Polit and Beck (2014). The emergent themes were identified through a decision trail, which involved listening to the audio recordings, verbatim transcripts and a vertical summary of the individual transcripts and then identifying themes that ran across all conversations. The themes that emerged from the women were lack of counseling and education on discharge, lack of knowledge on self -care, practices which hinder women to care for self and lack of emotional support. The recommendations made were The midwives need to strengthen the counseling and education skills to women upon discharge so that they are well informed on how to care for themselves at home, More research studies to be done in relation to women’s post abortion self-care knowledge and practices so as to prevent post abortion complications, reduce maternal morbidity and mortality and to ensure meeting the sustainable millennium goal number 5,there is need to for midwives to be cultural and religious sensitive during care of these women not to ridicule, discourage harmful practices and encourage harmful ones in a more sensitive manner, There is need for community involvement and sensitization on post abortion care, so as to build up support of women by significant others at home.

Biography:

Yayehyirad Yemane has done Bachelor of Science in Midwifery from University of Gondar, Ethiopia in July 12 -2012, then he was working as Head of the Department in Department of Midwifery College of Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University for one year. Then he has joined his Masters education in Mekelle University in September 2-2013. He is graduated from Mekelle University with the speciality of Masters of Clinical Midwifery. Currently, he is working as Lecturer at Department of Midwifery College of Health Sciences, Mizan-Tepi University.

Abstract:

Background: Episiotomy means simply a 2^nd degree tear to enlarge outlet, for expulsion of the fetus with tolerable damage or injury. Historically, episiotomy has been an element of vaginal delivery, with the rationale of preventing extensive perennial tearing. Incidence varies according to parity, patient population, indication, and health care provider practicing obstetrics. Study findings showed that higher rate of episiotomy in Ethiopia.

Objective: To assess the proportion of episiotomy performance and its associated factors in Axum town public health institutions 2015.

Methods: Facility based cross- sectional study design was employed in three Public health institutions in Axum town, Tigray, Ethiopia 2015. Information was retrieved retrospectively from a total of 338 maternal charts that were selected using systematic random sampling technique. The data were collected using pre-tested and structured data extraction format.Using SPSS version 20 software, descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done and during bivariate logistic regression analysis those variables at p-value <0.2 was transferred to multivariate logistic regression analysis and during multivariate logistic regression analysis variables at P-value <0.05 were considered as statistically significantand AOR with 95% CI was used to control for possible confounders and to interpret the result.The result is summarized using tables, graphs and charts for different variables.

Results: Out of 338 deliveries the proportion of episiotomy was 140(41.44%).The odds of episiotomy practice were 1.8 times greater among primipara when compared with multiparous women[AOR=1.89 (1.08, 3.23)], 8.9 times greater among mothers whose labor were assisted by vacuum as compared to those who delivered by normal vaginal delivery [AOR=8.99(4.25, 19.03)], 4.7 times greater among deliveries whose fetal presentation was face when compared with vertex presentations [AOR=4.76(1.94, 11.67)].

Conclusion: The proportion of episiotomy practice is high parity, face presentation, mode of delivery, birth attendant and 1^st minute Apgar score were significantly associated with practice of episiotomy.

Biography:

Abolfazl Mahmoodi Shahid graduated from Medical School of Shahid Beheshti University Tehran, Iran in 1998. He worked in Zaaim Hospital, Pakdasht city, one of the overpopulated cities in Tehran suburb for two years at Emergency Department (2000-2003). He was an Emergency Doctor, the most famous in Iran. Since then, he has been working in his Skin Care and Beauty Clinic and Emergency Department in Iran Mehr Hospital. It is noteworthy that he is one of the countrywide members of health plan in Iran selected universities. He has published some papers and a book “Lifestyle and its approach”.

Abstract:

Background: Lack of adequate social support, stress, and generally poor quality of life during pregnancy leads to adverse pregnancy outcomes for both the mother and the baby.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the relationship of social support and quality of life with level of stress during pregnancy.

Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive-correlative study conducted on 210 pregnant women (meeting study criteria), attending Shahriar Social Services Hospital during 2012. Purposive convenient sampling was used. Study subjects completed questionnaires of obstetrics and demographics, VAUX social support, World Health Organization quality of life, and stress during pregnancy. Data were analyzed with SPSS-19 and Lisrel 8.8, utilizing statistical path analysis.

Results: The final path model fitted well (CF1 = 1, RMSEA = 0.00) and showed that direct quality of life paths with β = Ë— 0.2, and indirect social support with β = Ë— 0.088 had the most effects on reduction of stress during pregnancy.

Conclusion: Social support indirectly and quality of life directly affect stress during pregnancy. Thus, health officials should attempt to establish measures to further enhance social support and quality of life of pregnant women to reduce stress and its consequences during this time.

Biography:

Amal Zubani is a Consultant Neonatologist at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center- Jeddah, which is a tertiary care Hospital located in Jeddah on the West Coast of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. She is an advisor and active member in different committees in the Ministry of Health in Saudi Arabia. She graduated from King Abdul Aziz University in Jeddah in 2000 then she joined University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada as Resident and then became a Fellow. She has her Canadian Board in Pediatric and Perinatal-Neonatal Medicine in 2005 and 2007. Her major interest and research subjects are nutrition in preterm infant and their neurodevelopmental outcome. She has several publications and presentations nationally and internationally.

Abstract:

Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is a heterogeneous syndrome characterized by signs of central nervous system dysfunction in newborn infants. It can result from a wide variety of conditions but often remains unexplained. Approximately 70% of NE cases are associated with events arising before the onset of labor. On the other hand hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is one of the many possible contributors to NE. The term is appropriately used when NE due to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Guidelines from the American Academy of Pediatrics and the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology for HIE indicate that all of the following must be present for the designation of perinatal asphyxia or HIE: 1) profound metabolic or mixed acidemia (pH <7) in an umbilical artery blood sample
, 2) persistence of an Apgar score of 0 to 3 for more than 5 minutes
, 3) neonatal neurologic abnormalities and 4) multiple organ involvement. The asphyxia insult is due to impaired cerebral blood flow, as a consequence of interrupted maternal and/or fetal placental blood flow and gas exchange. The most important effects appear to include apoptosis and inflammation, which occur in the sub-acute phase after injury (hours to days after a hypoxic-ischemic event). There should be a comprehensive evaluation including assessment of neonatal clinical status, all potentially contributing factors and radiological studies. Therapeutic hypothermia is the only treatment currently shown to reduce death and/or disability after a hypoxic-ischemic insult in newborn infants with moderate to severe encephalopathy in the first 6 hours after birth. This intervention needs to be implemented according to the established published protocols and guidelines. Newborns with mild encephalopathy usually develop normally, while infants with moderate to severe encephalopathy are more likely to develop long-term neurologic sequela and morbidity.

Biography:

Kuldeep Singh has been practicing ultrasound for over 18 years in South Delhi, India. He is known for his ultrasound skills in Anomaly Scanning, Color Doppler Scanning and High risk pregnancy evaluation. He has more than 150 lectures in various national and international conferences. He has more than 100 articles and chapters to his credit and has authored 16 books on Ultrasound in Obstetrics, Gynecology and Infertility. His books have been translated into Spanish, Chinese and Portugese. The Imaging Science Award was honoured to him at the AICOG 2008. He is presently the President of the Delhi Chapter of IFUMB. He has been appointed as Associate Director of Ian-Donald Inter University School of Medical ultrasound.

Abstract:

Ultrasound is an essential tool for any obstetric practice. When it started five decades ago little did we realize that this invention is a technological marvel. One could look into the presentation and the viability of the fetus. Acrania could be excluded in the third trimester and with ultrasound machines and probes getting better we could exclude that in the second trimester so called Level II scan. With high resolution probes and high frequency transvaginal probes one can now diagnose fetal abnormalities in the late first trimester. This avoids the mental trauma the mother and the family have to go through and lethal abnormalities can be terminated much earlier. Acrania, anencephaly, gross dysgraphia disorganization of the fetal spine, anterior thoracic and abdominal wall defects and gross limb abnormalities are few structural malformations that can be detected with ease as early as 11-12 weeks. Apart from structural abnormalities the index of suspicion for chromosomal abnormalities also is there with looking at the nuchal translucency, nasal bone and flow through the tricuspid valve and in the ductus venosus. Combined testing with a dual test increases the sensitivity manifold. What is most important is the knowhow of what to look and how to look in your 11-14 weeks scan.

Biography:

Hala Shalaby has completed her Medical College from Zagazig University in Egypt (1989), then got DCH from the same university in 1996 and finally passed MRCPCH and became Member of The Royal College of Pediatric and Childhood in London/England since 2015. She is a Senior Registrar of Pediatric and Neonates in Riyadh Care Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia and has been working there for 15 years. She has published in the last year’s conference proceedings of 5^th International Conference on Pediatric Nursing & Health in Cologne Germany and presented many lectures in Saudi Arabia.

Abstract:

Objectives: Discuss the etiology, diagnosis and management of ovarian cysts in neonates with spotlight on alarming symptoms and signs after birth.

Background: Ovarian cysts are the most frequent, prenatally diagnosed intra-abdominal cysts in particular with ultrasonography. The management of fetal ovarian cysts is still controversial.

Etiology: It can happen due to excessive maternal hormone stimulation from HCG. The secretion of FSH from the fetal pituitary, beginning at 20 weeks of gestation may increase the number and size of the follicles. It can also result due to pathological disorders in the mechanism of folliculogenesis. It happens when after birth E2 and HCG decrease rapidly while, FSH declines more slowly. The association of fetal ovarian cysts with maternal diabetes or fetal hypothyroidism has been described.

Incidence: It has been estimated at more than 30% based on investigation of still born or infants who died within 28 days after birth.

Diagnosis: Through serial abdominal ultrasound scans. Antenatal diagnosis is possible especially with the third trimester and it is usually unilateral.

Complications: The complications associated include ovarian torsion, compression of other viscera and possible intestinal obstruction. Rupture with hemorrhage of large sized cyst and signs of Polyhydraminos.

Management: It depends according to its size and the complications associated with it such as; torsion for example or viscera compression. Usually, the management is surgical as; simple cystectomy in case of unilateral cyst or oophorectomy and cystectomy if bilateral cysts exists.

Case presentation: A term female baby was delivered in our hospital RCH on November 2015 and developed abdominal distension with palpable mass followed by respiratory distress and irritability. She was diagnosed to have unilateral ovarian cyst & was operated successfully.

Biography:

Ali Bilal is a Neonatologist, Working at  Center Hospitalier Intercommunal, in Department of Neonatology 40 avenue de Verdun, 94000 Créteil, France

Abstract:

Introduction

Neonatal meningitis contributes substantially to neurological disability worldwide. Neonates are at increased risk of sepsis and meningitis than other age groups .The most frequent cause of neonatal bacterial meningitis is Streptococcus agalactiae (59%) and the second most frequent is Escherichia coli (28%) and Listeria monocytogenes is considered the third most frequent pathogen in the United States (5-10%) and France (< 3%). Neisseria meningitidis is occasionally implicated in neonatal bacterial meningitis. The objectify of this study is to describe epidemiological, clinical and bacteriological characteristics of N. meningitidis in France

Methods

In total, 233 pediatric wards covering 61% of French pediatric wards participated in this network. Pediatric

wards included 45% neonatal units in France. All patients ≤ 28 days of age with confirmed bacterial meningitis

were included. Isolates were identified in the microbiology laboratory of each hospital.

Neonatal meningitis was defined as early-onset (when occurring between days 0 and 4) and late-onset meningitis

(when occurring between days 5 and 28).

We crosschecked the databases of the (NRCM) for microbiological data and GPIP/ACTIV for clinical data. The

data collection was approved by the French National Data Protection Commission (Commission National

Informatique et Libertés, CNIL, no. 913006).

Results

Between 2001 and 2013, data for 5,139 cases of bacterial meningitis were collected; 831 cases were neonatal

bacterial meningitis (16.2%). Bacterial species implicated in the neonatal period were S. agalactiae (n=464;

55.8%), E. coli (n=232; 27.9%), N. meningitidis (n=23; 2.8%), L. monocytogenes (n=20; 2.4%), S. pneumoniae

(n=18, 2.2%), other streptococcus (n=16; 2%), and other bacterial species (n=58; 7%).

Among 23 patients with N. meningitidis, 12 were male (52%). The median gestational age at birth was 39.2

weeks. The median age was 17.9 days. Among the 23 cases, only 1 was early-onset (day 4); the remainders were

late-onset (96%). Seasonal variation occurred, with the highest proportion of cases reported in winter. At

diagnosis, 6 patients (27.3%) presented at least 1 sign of disease severity: all showed signs of shock (27.3%), 3

needed mechanical ventilation (13.6%), 2 were in a coma (9.1%), and 2 presented extensive purpura (9.1%); no

seizures were reported. In the 434/807 term-born patients (53.8%) with late-onset meningitis, the proportion of

NMM was 5.1% (22/434).

N. meningitidis was isolated in 91% in CSF 2 had negative CSF culture (9%), one was diagnosed with positive

PCR in CSF and other one had positive antigens.

The serogroup distribution was serogroup B for 18 cases (78%), C for 3 cases (13%) and others for 2 cases (9%).

The minimum inhibitory concentration was tested for cefotaxime, amoxicillin and penicillin G for 17 strains. All

tested isolates were susceptible to cefotaxime. (12%) showed intermediate susceptibility to amoxicillin and

penicillin G.

Two patients died (both were girls, who showed late-onset meningitis at days 10 and 23, respectively).

Conclusions

Among 831 cases of neonatal bacterial meningitis occurring from 2001 to 2013, Neisseria meningitidis was the

third most frequent bacterial species found. All cases occurred only in term neonates and were mainly late-onset.

Serogroup B accounted for 78.3% of cases. At diagnosis, 27.3% of cases had at least 1 sign of disease severity.

All strains were susceptible to cefotaxime, but 12% showed intermediate susceptibility to penicillin G and to

aminopenicillin.